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What is Panchang?
Panchang is the Hindu almanac — "Pancha" means five and "Anga" means limb. The five elements are: Tithi (lunar day), Vara (weekday), Nakshatra (Moon's lunar mansion), Yoga (combined Sun+Moon longitude), and Karana (half-tithi). Together they determine auspicious timing (muhurta) for weddings, travel, business and religious activities.
Tithi (Lunar Day)
Every 12° of angular separation between Moon and Sun creates one Tithi. A lunar month has 30 Tithis — 15 in Shukla Paksha (waxing) and 15 in Krishna Paksha (waning).
Nakshatra (Lunar Mansion)
The 27 Nakshatras mark the Moon's path across the sky, each spanning 13°20'.
Yoga (Astrological Combination)
Yoga is calculated from the sum of Sun and Moon longitudes, divided into 27 segments.
Karana (Half Tithi)
Each Tithi is divided into two Karanas. Vishti (Bhadra) Karana is inauspicious.